Table 2. Comparison of elbow angular velocity between abdominal nonactivation and activation conditions in P1 and P2

		ANA	AA	p value	t	ES	95% CI
P1	x-axis	536.64 ± 273.37	556.67 ± 588.54	0.847	–0.195	0.04	–232.88 to 192.82
	y-axis	590.78 ± 612.11	525.42 ± 568.83	0.471	0.733	0.15	–119.10 to 249.82
	z-axis	434.52 ± 186.73	559.24 ± 431.36	0.073	–1.875	0.38	–262.30 to 12.86
P2	x-axis	1,103.19 ± 665.34	1,383.49 ± 1,205.27	0.050	–2.070	0.42	–560.60 to –0.15
	y-axis	740.40 ± 702.08	726.77 ± 747.29	0.865	0.172	0.03	–150.66 to 177.93
	z-axis	687.51 ± 301.03	912.41 ± 406.20	0.028*	–2.345	0.48	–423.28 to –26.52

ANA, abdominal nonactivation; AA, abdominal activation; ES, effect size; CI, confidence interval; P1, phase 1; P2, phase 2.