Table 2. Between-group comparison of shoulder alignment and muscle mechanical properties (tone and stiffness) (two-way repeated-measures ANOVA)

Group Pre Post Time F (p) Time*group F (p) Group F (p)
RSP(cm) EG 4.84±0.90 3.96±0.85 104.11(0.001*) 0.031(0.862) 1.786(0.194)
CG 5.39±1.26 4.48±1.14
PML(cm) EG 12.05±1.24 13.62±1.38 138.84(0.001*) 1.20(0.284) 0.276(0.604)
CG 11.64±1.34 13.54±1.03
PM F(Hz) EG 13.80±1.65 13.24±1.39 26.872(0.001*) 0.856(0.364) 0.103(0.751)
CG 13.72±1.96 12.92±1.48
PM S(N/m) EG 260.38±61.48 239.90±54.52 12.092(0.002*) 0.305(0.586) 0.229(0.631)
CG 247.87±53.09 233.00±42.46
PD F(Hz) EG 13.94±1.32 12.90±1.08 71.406(0.001*) 5.269(0.031*) 24.31(0.001*)
CG 14.67±1.22 14.40±1.38
PD S(N/m) EG 238.03±39.47 208.61±32.69 26.107(0.001*) 3.483(0.074) 6.497(0.018*)
CG 254.61±41.21 244.78±35.39
RSP, rounded shoulder posture; PML, pectoralis minor length; PM, pectoralis major muscle; PD, posterior deltoid muscle; F, muscle tone; S, muscle stiffness; EG, posterior shoulder stretching with scapular posterior tilting exercise group; CG, pectoralis minor stretching with scapular posterior tilting exercise group; M±SD, mean ± standard deviation.
p<0.05.